Presentation 1 ITS 610

salam 1Malaysia,saya nak share knowledge di pagi hari yang ceria ni...saya nak share tentang presentation yang pertama saya untuk subjek ITS 610 bawah bimbingan pensyarah saya Puan Norliza saad..

Tajuk presentation saya adalah " Cellular Networks "

Cellular Networks                    

Introduction

Now days  networks run by cellular providers aren't cell phones anymore. 3G and 4G networks provide wireless connections for laptops and even desktop systems via GSM or CDMA modems, cards and built-in chips, or by connecting to a mobile hotspot device such as the MiFi. Computer can use  cell phone to use its Internet connection, either via a USB cable or “mobile hotspot” capabilities built into the phone. 

Cellular Network Generation

-->  1G                                 

• Launched in Japan, Scandinavia, U.K, Mexico, Canada and the U.S. in the late 1970s and 1980s

• Transmitted between radio towers

Advantages :

• Allows people to take phones outdoors and in cars when compared to earlier phones, which required   wired connections to the telephone network.

Disadvantages :

• Analog signal is a less effective of transmitting information where it is slower.
• No security when voice calls were played back in radio towers.
• Allows unwanted eavesdropping by third parties.

-->  2G                                        

Launched on the GSM standard in Finland

Advantages :

• Reduces the noise in the line and improve the clarity of the voice.
• Improved privacy and difficult to eavesdrop on phone calls by using radio scanner.
• Lower power emissions radio signals where it made  battery life lasts longer , phone become smaller than 1g and safer for consumers.
• 2G gave an additional benefit of SMS and MMS.
• SMS is cheap and easy to communicate with anyone.
• Internet access.
• Ability to download content (GPRS, WAP)  

Disadvantages :

• When made a call far away from a cell tower, the digital signal may not be enough to reach it.
• Digital signals could be weak if there is no network coverage in any specific area.
• Web surfing is very slow
• NOT Allow users to access the internet while making a phone call.

-->  3G        

Launched in May 2001 by NTT DoCoMo in Japan.

The transfer rate for 3G networks is between 128 and 144 kbps .

Advantages :

• Allows people to have Internet, fast data transfer and high-resolution video and multimedia capabilities within cell phone.
• Can make voice and video calls, to download and upload data and to surf the net.
• Allow users to access the internet while making a phone call.
• Can utilize packet-based Internet protocol connectivity. Its means mobile device will always be online and ready for Internet access.
• Can pull down website and email at acceptable speeds.

Disadvantages :

• Expensive equipment than cell phones that operate using 2G cause  the ability for video chat, check email and have access to Internet.
• Large Cell Phones cause more power is needed to allow a mobile device to perform tasks, larger batteries are needed.
•  3G phone are larger and heavier than 2G phones. 

-->  4G                        

Launched in 2008.

4G standards are WAN standards

Advantages :

• Advanced mobile  services such as video and movie streaming.
• Higher speed than 3G or WiFi.
• Can deliver speeds between 5 mbps and 12 mbps.
• More security than WiFi where it enhances safety and privacy of data.
• Increased speeds in data transmission
•  Better repsonse time. 10 times better then 3G
• Works at 2.6GHz frequency which means better coverage even though it uses the same tower where the receiver and transmitter for 3G 

Disadvantages :

• New technology which makes it more expansive than 3G.
• Expensive equipment than cell phones that operate using 3G.
• Large Cell Phones cause more power is needed to allow a mobile device to perform tasks, larger batteries are needed and large screen.
• 4G is still a new technology and the network is not yet available in many places.

Security On Cellular Network

Usage of cellular Internet connection will expose to the threats – malware, viruses, DoS attacks, intrusions.There are also vulnerabilities specific to the devices.example GPS on the 3G MiFi mobile hotspot could be enabled without the user’s knowledge if visit the wrong malicious web site.Security step on cellular network are same with other network. Such as :- 

• install firewall
• Have anti-virus and antimalware
• For the wi-fi part of the connection, enable WPA2 encryption

Cellular network is more secure than public wi-fi hotspot cause the complexity of the network architecture.When using a 3G/4G device  with  laptop, only two network segments to worry : 

• 3G/4G wireless signal to the phone.
• wi-fi connection between the phone and the laptop.

3G/4G device/phone can be connect via either wi-fi or USB.For security ,Connect 3G/4G phone via USB, to eliminate data transmitted between the phone and the laptop being intercepted wirelessly.